In California you go through a federal background check, pass a firearm safety test then wait for 14 days before recieving your weapon. You transport the weapon with trigger lock or equivalent and ammo in separate locked container.
To carry on person concealed you must apply at the sheriffs dept and pass a background check. Once sheriff interviews you and accepts you can start a class then take a test. Pass another federal background check fingerprint. Pay your license fee and qualify with the particular firearm(s) you intend to carry at a gunrange with a qualified rangemaster.
Hunting requires permits and tags. With that comes hunter saftey courses.